Don’t Take It Seriously

[Note: I originally wrote this back on March 7th, but in going through old posts, I noticed that I never published it. The movie has been out a sufficient amount of time now that there are no spoilers…]

OK, so we went and saw the Astronaut Farmer this past weekend (I should add, parenthetically, that it’s the second movie I’ve seen in a theatre since I moved down here, two and a half years ago.

Forget about “suspension of disbelief.” Think complete abandonment of disbelief. On rocketry, on combustion, on radio communications, on basic physics, on how the government works, on how people work, on…almost anything correlating to reality that you want to imagine.

But I’m not panning the movie. As long as you follow my advice, and empty your head of the notion that this is a movie about how a private citizen might actually get into space, it’s an enjoyable flick, and entertaining for the whole family (well, other than a couple naughty words).

Yes, I could spend the evening disquisiting on all the things they got wrong in the flick–the notion that one could launch from a barn without it being a smoldering crater afterward; the notion that a rocket could propel itself a few feet off the ground horizontally for miles, with gravity having no effect; the notion that a Mercury capsule could survive the end of that trip, after being launched off a cliff and roll amidst the desert scrub, intact with its occupant alive; the notion that the government would assemble a team from every conceivable (and several unconceivable) government entities in a high-school gym to determine whether or not he could fly; the notion that a man and his fifteen-year-old son could single (OK, dual) handedly assemble an Atlas-Mercury from antique spare parts scrounged from NASA junkyards and have it work, and not only work, but magically have it land where it took off (even though the original landed in the ocean, and not the desert southwest) after a power failure that was fixed (as all things are fixed in movies, by banging on the equipment with a closed fist). Forget all that.

With a little consulting from people who actually understand this stuff, it could have been made a little more realistic, but realism didn’t seen ti be the film makers’ goal–magic was. It’s a movie about dreams, and governments, and the intrinsic conflict between the two. Forget the physics and politics, and focus on the metaphor.

In fact, the movie hit very close to home for me, because I and my family have sacrificed a great deal for a similar dream for many years, with success still eluding us (though perhaps that situation is improving). But nowhere to the same extent as Charles Farmer, and I’d like to think that (despite his movie success) I understand a little more about how politics, business and even rockets work than he seemed to.

In a sense, the way that the development of space will eventually play out is somewhere in between the two cartoonish extremes depicted in the movie. It won’t be done by a big-govenment program, and it won’t be done by a determined man in his garage. It will be done by private entities that are already formed and forming, that will take the smart things that NASA has learned over the years (like range safety, and not launching your rocket next to the house), and try to shed a lot of the unproductive ones that are driven by pork-driven politics and institutional inertia. The minimal hope for from government, for both terrestrial and extraterrestrial endeavors, is to facilitate their dreams, rather than hinder them.

Kinky

And pure gold (errr…golden).

I was just listening to Fox News Sunday, and Senator Kit Bond (R-MO) (in keeping with the grand press tradition, his party affiliation, as a Republican, must be identified–only Democrats are exempt and partyless in situations like this) just pronounced Peshawar as “Pee Shower.” Evan Bayh and Chris Wallace are smiling, but obviously say nothing.

Northrop Grumman Buys Scaled

I was going to post some thoughts on the acquisition (which was really just an increase in equity from a minority to a hundred percent), but before I had an opportunity to do so, Jon Goff must have channeled me. A “skunkworks for NG” was exactly what I thought when I heard the news.

There will probably be more tomorrow. Dennis Poulos was the only NG person at the conference, and he was only there on Thursday (and he’s probably not a spokesman for the company on the issue). Alex Tai had little to say about it (with regard to implications for SpaceShipTwo) yesterday, other than that he thought it was a good (even great) thing, and that it was “Northrop’s story, not his,” to tell.

But I think that this points out that the nature of this business is much more complex than many would like to make it, and it’s not simply the “Big Bad, Small Good” template that many like to think, and that the line between New Space and Old Space has never been as sharp as many thought, and it’s becoming progressively blurrier. As Jon says, the Boeings and Northrop Grummans, and Lockheed Martins are recognizing that the new century brings new business realities, and it’s particularly worth considering, in light of the Apollo anniversary last week, that the old space age is over, and the new effectively begun, despite Mike Griffin’s attempt to resurrect Apollo, which seems likely to fail.

I have always swum in both seas, and have often had former colleagues at Boeing (now fairly high in management) tell me that they’re interested in this new business, but it’s not obvious how to break in, other than watch, and observe, and when something succeeds, to acquire it. And of course, they didn’t need to tell me that, because it’s obvious, from a business sense. They’re simply too risk averse, by the nature of their being large publicly-held corporations, and their existing business relationships, to do things like this from scratch on their own, and that’s not a criticism, just a statement of fact. They have to be so, because they have a fiduciary responsibility to their stockholders, many of whom are pensioners, to not take big gambles with the company’s money, on new but uncertain markets and business lines.

The fact that such acquisitions are now occurring is to me a sign of the transition of the old age to the new. When we really know that it’s real will be when one of them buys one of the new companies, born in this age, such as XCOR.

[Update a while later]

I should make one other point. This acquisition really has very little to do with space. SpaceShipTwo may be one of Scaled’s most well-known current projects, but they’re first and foremost an aircraft company, and that’s the bulk of their activities. I think that NG saw this as an aviation, or aerospace acquisition. To the degree that it helped them on the space side at all, that would just be gravy.

Out Of The Closet

Penelope Trunk is right, (though I’m not sure that she understands all the implications of her position):

Here’s my advice: If you do an interview with a journalist, don’t expect the journalist to be there to tell your story. The journalist gets paid to tell her own stories which you might or might not be a part of. And journalists, don’t be so arrogant to think you are not “one of those” who misquotes everyone. Because that is to say that your story is the right story. But it’s not. We each have a story. And whether or not someone actually said what you said they said, they will probably still feel misquoted.

In other words, “objective journalism” is a myth (something I’ve been pointing out for a long time):

The first [delusion] is common to journalism school graduates (or even dropouts), because it’s part of the modern creed–that there is some achievable perfection called “objective factual reporting.”

The second, which is not only a delusion, but a conceit, is that his employer’s paper not only attempts to achieve that platonic ideal, but actually succeeds.

Here’s a reality check. Stories are (at least for now) reported by humans, with human emotions, and human points of view. They are inevitably viewed through the prism of the reporter, and as they become ink and pixels, are passed through the sieve of his experience and prejudices. About any event, there is an infinitude of information that could be provided, but there isn’t ink and newsprint enough, nor bandwidth, nor time in the day for the reporter to write it, and the reader to read it.

So a story has to be reduced to what the reporter considers to be its essential elements. Like the old joke about the sculptor, he takes the body of available facts, and cuts away everything that doesn’t look like an elephant. But that’s the key; the sculptor is carving an elephant–a decision usually made before chisel is taken in hand. It may be that the rock from which he’s knocking off the non-pachydermic chips wasn’t simply a rectangular block–it perhaps naturally started out with a resemblance to an elephant, but that doesn’t mean that he couldn’t have hacked out a hippo instead.

So it is with a news story. The reporter has to start with some notion of what the story is. And as soon as that decision is made, the bias has begun, and continues. He has to decide which facts are facts, and which are conjecture. He has to decide which of those facts and conjectures should be included, and which left out. He has to decide which words to use–whether the protagonist is, for example, a “terrorist” or a “freedom fighter.” Each of those decisions, word by word, preconception by preconception, eventually determines whether the reporter creates an elephant, or a hippo, or a redwood tree.

And after that, if he works for a “serious newspaper,” he has to submit it to an editor, who will either agree that the reporter has created an elephant, or he might point out that he left out some critical item (e.g., a trunk) or included one that seems out of place (e.g., webbed bird claws for feet).

Once past this serious process, the story is complete. And in the mind of Mr. Rutten, “accurate the first time,” though a different reporter at a different “serious newspaper,” working with exactly the same body of facts (but a different background, sensibility, and bias) might write, and his editor edit, a completely different “accurate” story in which, lo and behold, it turns that it was a hippo after all, or perhaps…a platypus.

As I’ve also noted many times, what rankles so much about media bias is not so much the bias itself, but the media’s willful blindness to it, and sanctimonious attitude.

And I don’t agree with her that “it doesn’t matter,” and that when literally misquoted, or quoted out of context, we should simply “get over it.” She’s right that we shouldn’t expect any better, but we should still point it out when it happens, early and often, and that’s what the blogosphere, and free speech in general, is all about. Paid reporters have no special First Amendment privileges. Continually pointing out their falsities and frailties, and agendas, is the only way for everyone to get the full story.

Kudos

Wireless is still problematic, but I want to at least mention that at lunch today, Jim Muncy gave (a very surprised) Clark Lindsey a well-deserved award for his years of devotion to Hobbyspace web site, and his seemingly tireless efforts to broadening the appeal of space to many people on a number of fronts.

I’ll be leaving for the airport in a couple hours, and socializing before then, so probably no more posting until tomorrow.

Commercial Support Of VSE

Neil Woodward of ESMD is chairing a panel on how commercial activities can fit into the Vision.

Dallas Bienhoff of Boeing gave a short presentation on the value of having propellant depots in cis-lunar space (he calls them “gasteroids” to the collective groan of the audience). They have the capability of increasing landed mass on the moon from 18 to 51 tons of cargo. They provide a market for commercial providers (300 tons of propellant per year). They also provide a means for international participation that doesn’t put them on the critical path (international partners could provide both the propellant and the extra lunar cargo). And it’s not in NASA’s current plans.

Ken Davidian talked about the need to reduce or remove barriers of entry for commercial space companies.
— Investor funding
— Production of commercial space goods and services
— Demand for commercial space goods and services
– Example of Multi-Phase procurements
— prize competitors
— funded space act
— FAR 12 Contracts
– X PRIZE essentially led to COTS

[Note, above Davidian comments, which I was distracted during, gratefully stolen from Clark Lindsey]

Jim Dunstan: Describing relative difficulties between working with NASA and the Russians. Thinks NASA’s biggest problem is hubris. “Get over yourselves.”

NASA does not own space.
There is on inalienable right to explore space.
The public doesn’t care that much about space.
Neither NASA or the current private space companies know much about business.

Wants to get rid of Space Act Agreements. No enforceability clauses, so any money spent is wasted. Doesn’t like FARs and government contracting, but at least they’re available. Have to kill “cancel for convenience.” Without stiff penalties, hard to get investment. NASA needs to hire business people, not engineers or ex-military people. Same thing for engineers. Need good business help and good legal help.

Remember Dreamtime. A disaster between Hollywood media types and engineers at NASA who had no clue how to put a business together.

Jeff Greason: What does government do well? Railroads were big hit, but government running railroads less than successful. Government did a good job of creating aircraft industry in the US, after the disaster of attempting to have the government own/operate vehicles. No economic activity in Antarctica.

By government’s nature, it’s an unreliable customer and unreliable supplier, due to being a creature of politics. Private sector much more predictable. Whether or not greed is good, it’s predictable. No government infrastructure to guarantee continuing supply of tennis shoes, but they’re always available.

If the government has a mission to create a lunar infrastructure, it has to be with heavy commercial involvement to be affordable, but it seems to be the other way around. If the government is the only customer, hard to raise private money. Would have made sense to utilize transportation that other satellite customers also wanted to use.

Points out fragility of having a single government-developed vehicle, so if a commercial customer of a lunar base, you’ll be out of luck if the system goes down. Agrees with Dallas that propellant depots make sense as a market. Also critical on lunar end regardless of location. Will eventually need to produce propellant on the moon, and will need places to store it. Architecture in mind doesn’t look like one NASA is building. Unclear whether it’s opportunity lost or deferred, because unclear whether or not this architecture will be completed.

The notion that you’ll build something, then operate it for a while, then hope you can pawn it off on someone else is not a good plan. If a lunar base isn’t pre-leased, there’s something wrong with it, either in transportation infrastructure or base design or something else, but NASA won’t feel the pain, unlike a private company.

NASA has a disease of no pain receptors.

NASA can’t successfully run the railroad, or be a property developer, or be a landlord without even talking to the customers, but that’s what’s happening.

Wants the government to spend its money in such a way as to at least potentially be useful, but understands that this isn’t a guarantee.

Space And The Next President

Jim Muncy leading a forum on presidential space politics, consisting of himself, Alan Ladwig, Lori Garver and Courtney Stadd. It’s a bi-partisan panel, since Alan and Lori are Democrats, and Jim and Courtney are Republicans.

Jim: We are already seven months into the longest, hardest-fought and expensive presidential campaign in history. People in this room can have more effect on our prospects for space than anyone in the Oval Office. We tend to look to presidents to set the direction and lead, but it doesn’t have to be just about what they do. Yes, we should wish that we can have an impact on what they do on space, and in a perfect world, we’d have a debate in 2008 debating the merits, successes and failures of the G W Bush administration, and missed opportunities, and new opportunities and what their agenda would be. This is about as likely as Kurds, Shia and Sunnis in Iraq singing Kumbaya with Harry Reid.

What is the art of the possible? What could she say or he do to take up the good things that were accomplished over the past eight years and move them forward, or identify things that should be fixed? He asks Courtney for a report card on Bush space policy.

Courtney: Mixed record at best. Columbia afforded an opportunity to make some major changes, VSE addressed anxiety about presidential space leadership. We can argue about destinations, but we can be happy that there is one for now. New administration will inherit transportation problems. Current NASA leadership has put in high-quality people that would allow next administration to make some advances. Now he’s in the private sector, thinks that Bigelow is a dream come true, and told them that he’s willing to help as long as they don’t make NASA a key part of the business plan.

Lori: Agrees with Courtney about Columbia environment setting new policy to move beyond LEO, and a highlight of the past six years. COTS has increased commercial space transportation pool by order of magnitude over Alt Access. But need more participants (two not enough). Also have issue of no broad base of support for the program. Overall grade: C-

Alan: Space science uber alles is a symptom of the fact that the space science people have always had a long-term vision and agenda that didn’t need a president to support them, but the human space flight community has been less visionary, and was waiting for the president to stand up. The president stood up, but hasn’t said much since. Cuts to aeronautics are almost criminal. COTS is a good new model for how to get things done. Good things have happened over the past eight years, but it’s not much because of what the government has done. Agrees with Lori’s C- grade.

Jim: Going to be generous and give them an Incomplete. In human spaceflight and space operations, NASA was not doing a very good job early in the decade, and could have embraced alternatives to space station access more aggressively, but thankfully the Russians bailed us out. Gerstenmaier doing a good job of getting station built and Shuttle retired. Gives them a B or an A- on that. On the science side, they initially threw a lot of money at science because they didn’t know what they wanted to do, and got people too excited, so that later “cuts” appeared much worse than they really were, because they were really small increases. Gives the administration (not the president) a D grade. The architecture, by Mike Griffin’s own definition, will have to be implemented by a future administration, and Griffin has as much as said that the decision to actually go to the moon will have to be determined by a future congress. Vision itself A- (could have been more commercially oriented), but implementation has been flawed, and thinks it unfortunate that whether or not we’re really going back to the moon remains uncertain, and poorly argued. Needs a more forthright statement that we are going back to the moon, and need more embrace of commercialization, and there is too much focus on the gap. The only gap will be of American-government-flagged spaceships going into space.

Lori: Wants to defend Mike Griffin. Has said great things in the Washington Post and other places about the importance of space and colonization, and it’s unlikely we’ll ever get a stronger advocate in that regard. Jim agrees on that score.

Courtney: Officially not aligned with either party. He sees a fundamental problem with the country, and sees a fundamental dysfunction of organization of the government, regardless of party. We have a 1950’s style government in the twenty-first century. Have good vigorous people on the Hill, but no one with the necessary science and technology knowledge. Lots of policy wonks and political science types, but not people who understand the accelerating technologies. People will look back in a few decades and wonder how people we were condescending to recently are beating us. His fear as an American citizen is the fact that NASA is a symptom of a much larger problem with how the government is organized. We are sitting in “six and a half square miles, surrounded by reality.” Space policy is a parlor game populated by a very small group, and he hopes that next president will broaden that base.

Alan: Hopes that we can get people to think about space in a broader context than NASA (group NASA and DOD together, rather than just with NSF).

Courtney: NASA was stovepiped in the Bush administration.

Lori: Under the Kerry campaign, space was grouped under science and technology, and she would have preferred it as part of national competitiveness.

Jim: Space has wide impact: environment, energy, etc. Space fits in everything, and we want a space person on all the transition teams.

Alan: Nothing magic about how teams are set up, but we might be able to get some people in. Unfortunately, support for the campaign is a more important criterion for choice of who is in transition than subject knowledge.

Courtney: Signal-noise ratio of campaign very high, and hard to penetrate it with policy analysis, particularly if it doesn’t seem to help politically. Campaigns are crisis driven, and it’s hard for space geeks to get much attention. We have an infrastructure crisis, and we’re not grappling with it. If we can get space into that conversation, we might be able to get some traction with it, but it takes a long time to get national consensus. We have responsibility to grab the political apparatus and politicians by the lapels, and tell them that we have a serious problem.

Jim: If you’re running the transition team for the new president, what are the top three things related to space?

Alan: More support for longer-range R&D (quotes Goldin that NASA should be doing things that the private sector won’t do). Need better collaboration between NASA and DOD. Better, but still too much stovepiping going on. Third, NASA has to be more commercially oriented. If they can’t outsource parabolic flight, why should COTS contestants think they’ll do it with ISS delivery?

[Simberg note: I was making this latter argument over ten years ago, when there was this fantasy, on which I did some consulting to USA, about privatizing the Shuttle. I had been fighting to get NASA to buy parabolic services from my own company, and noted how fiercely they defended their turf. My recollection of a conversation that I had with him at the Space Foundation meeting in Colorado Springs at the time, when Alan was at NASA, is that he was defending them, claiming that they had to have control over the training aircraft for the astronaut candidates. So I find it amusing that, having gone to Zero-G after leaving NASA, we’re now on the same page. The only difference, of course, is that they have FAA certification, but that shouldn’t have been necessary to perform services for NASA anyway. Another example of how one can become sensible once one is out of range of the mind-control stupidity-inducing beams that seem to permeate the agency facilities.]

Courtney: Wants a suspension of all commissions for a period of time. Would tell the new president that we have real problems, and are going out of business as a bureaucracy and a country. Overdue for reinventing NASA and government overall. Will be six to nine months before new administration recognizes NASA and picks a new administrator, because it’s too low a priority. Then there will be a scramble to get someone in. Would hope and pray that the next group running a transition will set it up up front. Whether true or not, there’s a perception that this administration is bad on science, and this should and could be a high priority for any next administration.

Jim: Describing an article he wrote fifteen years ago called “Never trust a space agency over thirty.” Next year it will be the fiftieth anniversary of the agency. We’re not very good in this country at reinventing our institutions. Only thing that tends to work is to shrink them (often randomly). Doesn’t know if that’s possible.

Alan: There’s a precedent when NACA became NASA. Maybe because the mission has changed, it shouldn’t be contained all in one agency.

Lori: They may create a department of the environment, pull Goddard out. Jim suggests moving it to NOAA. Refers to the next president as she to the fright and amusement of the audience.

Alan: We should plan to hammer out some policy suggestions for the next administration at the next year’s conference, but also get other sectors involved, such as the environmentalists, and military space plane people.

In response to a question as to whether or not Shuttle should be extended to close the “gap,” Jim says “Hell, no.” Points out that entitlement programs are going to be increasing pressure on the budget in the future. Courtney mentions that one day of Iraq is a useful science program. Don’t ever underestimate the tremendous inertia that these programs have.

[Monday morning update]

Jeff Foust has a report on this session, and presidential space politics in general, over at this morning’s issue of The Space Review.

More On Anti-War Libertarians

Randy Barnett has further thoughts. I found this interesting:

I realize that some fraction of radical libertarians, whose opinion I respect, believe that there is no such thing as a just war, but most radical libertarians (including most critics of my WSJ op-ed) allow the legitimacy of a defensive war and oppose only wars of aggression. Some antiwar libertarians who oppose the Iraq war as aggression, for example, supported the war in Afghanistan on “self-defense” grounds. And those who didn’t say they would support a war that was truly in self-defense. They simply deny that the war in Iraq fits that description. Yet if they also accept stance (1), as they appear to, then ON THEIR ACCOUNT because a defensive war is waged by an illegitimate government and the rights of innocents were inevitably violated, it too must be opposed.

I’ve never quite understood the arguments of those who claim that they’re not anti-war because they supported the war in Afghanistan, but that they were opposed to removing Saddam Hussein.

Why did they support the war in Afghanistan? Was it, as described above, because it was a “defensive” war? If so, what does that mean? Was it to prevent further attacks? Or was it to avenge 911?

If the latter (and much of the rhetoric seems to indicate that), then it wasn’t a defensive war, except possibly in the limited sense that by making an example of the Taliban we could discourage other regimes from similarly harboring our enemies.

If the former, then it was a preemptive war (that is, we were going to remove a regime, to prevent it from supporting any further attacks). But we’ve been told by this crowd that preemptive wars aren’t acceptable. For instances despite many threats made against Israel (and the Great Satan–us) by Iran, and its continuing development of the means with which to carry them out, we are not allowed to go to war with Iran, because that would be “preemptive” and we’re supposed to wait for them to strike the first blow, as happened with Afghanistan.

Now it turns out in hindsight that the threat from Iraq was exaggerated (though not as much as many war opponents assume), but at the time, we considered it sufficient to need to be preemptive (not to mention all of the ongoing violations of the UN resolutions and truce agreements that Saddam continued to ignore). In that sense, it was a defensive war. So when war opponents claim that we have a right to defensive wars, but practically only allow it to happen after it’s too late to defend ourselves (as occurred with 911), just what do they mean?

ISS Fan

Tom Pickens, head of Spacehab, gave the lunchtime speech, in which he proclaimed that the time is right for this industry. Unfortunately, he didn’t provide much support for the thesis, and much of his speech seemed to argue that it was still too early, at least in the sense that there’s a paucity of fundable business plans. He is also much more enthusiastic about the prospects for the International Space Station and its ability to support microgravity research than I am. But then, that’s the business he’s in.

Happy Moon Day

I’m blogging from the space finance session at the conference (we finally got power in the room, so I don’t have to worry about my battery dying).

Thirty-eight years ago, the first men walked on the moon. In December, it will have been thirty-five years since the last footsteps occurred there. The conference I’m attending is about figuring out ways to keep it from being that long before it happens again.

James Lileks has additional thoughts, as does Alan K. Henderson, and there’s still time to celebrate it with a commemorative dinner tonight.

Also, blogging will probably continue to be light. The wireless connection here is sporadic and iffy. However, Clark Lindsey is diligently blogging the conference. Just keep scrolling.

Biting Commentary about Infinity…and Beyond!