The Road To Reno (Part Deux)

All right, all right. Sheesh.

Now pop the popcorn, and put your jammies on, and settle down, and I’ll tell you the rest…well, some more…of the story of when I drove all the way to Reno, Nevada from Los Angeles in The Little White Rent-a-Car That Could, and back again.

And for those who came in late, you can read the first installment here. Please do so before delving into the next adventure, so you’re not bothering the others and holding up proceedings with pointless questions.

As I was saying, I was climbing the road north out of Bishop, up into the cool pines, in the snow. I was approaching the Mammoth Lakes region, which is known to most Californians primarily as a ski area, but it’s better known to amateur geology buffs, like your Transterrestrial Muser, as ground zero for some really spectacular volcanic activity.

For those fellow amateur geologists in the audience, there’s a good description, along with a Shuttle photo, here. Basically, the deal is that this is a region that’s just never satisfied with its topography for very long. Periodically (and much more often than condo owners in Mammoth would appreciate if they were really aware of it), it decides to completely renovate itself, upending mountains, spewing gouts of magma, thrusting up new volcanic peaks that quickly erode to cinder cones, purchasing new furniture, and then covering the whole with a layer of volcanic ash to protect it when the guests come over with their kids.

It makes for some pretty spectacular scenery, but it’s hell on property values if you happen to be around and have a time share, or a full-time apres ski apartment, when it occurs. The current inhabitants may be living on borrowed time, judging by the earthquake clusters that seem to be occuring with increasing frequency up there.

But I wasn’t particularly concerned about it–I was just passing through, and I’d already cheated death once in my crossing of St. Andy’s fault a few hours earlier–I was on a hot streak. I was just enjoying the mountain scenery, cinder cones and all, and, being from a beach city in southern California, the snow.

As I passed the June Lake region between Mammoth Lakes and Yosemite, that gem of the desert, Mono Lake, came into view.

Mono is another lake, like Owens, that suffers from Los Angeles thirst. However, it wasn’t emptied completely–it just had its level reduced. It’s the largest natural lake entirely in California. Tahoe is bigger, but it’s shared with Nevada.

There are several lakes like Mono in the Great Basin desert. They are the last destination for many eastward-flowing rivers in the Sierra. There is no escape for water from the Great Basin, except the ignominious whimper of evaporation. Some rivers empty into lakes like Mono, others simply trickle into nothingness, defeated by the sun and lack of humidity. Because there is no outlet for such lakes, and the only way of maintaining the level is by evaporation, the salts and minerals concentrate in them, because they’re abandoned by the evaporating water that brought them to the dance. The Great Salt Lake is the most notable example, being several times the salinity of the ocean, but lakes like Mono are even more concentrated.

Now that I’m into the country in which Samuel Clemens first honed his writing skills, I’ll let him describe it.

Mono Lake lies in a lifeless, treeless, hideous desert, eight thousand feet above the level of the sea, and is guarded by mountains two thousand feet higher, whose summits are always clothed in clouds. This solemn, silent, sailless sea — this lonely tenant of the loneliest spot on earth — is little graced with the picturesque. It is an unpretending expanse of grayish water, about a hundred miles in circumference, with two islands in its center, mere upheavals of rent and scorched and blistered lava, snowed over with gray banks and drifts of pumice-stone and ashes, the winding-sheet of the dead volcano, whose vast crater the lake has seized upon and occupied.

The lake is two hundred feet deep, and its sluggish waters are so strong with alkali that if you only dip the most hopelessly soiled garment into them once or twice, and wring it out, it will be found as clean as if it had been through the ablest of washer-women’s hands. While we camped there our laundry work was easy. We tied the week’s washing astern of our boat, and sailed a quarter of a mile, and the job was complete, all to the wringing out. If we threw the water on our heads and gave them a rub or so, the white lather would pile up three inches high. This water is not good for bruised places and abrasions of the skin.

(I mainly wanted to throw that in for those who were deluded into thinking that I was a great writer–note the contrast…).

The lake is no longer two hundred feet deep, but it’s getting back up there. LA is no longer taking as much water from the streams that feed it, and the level is rising again. And while there are no fish in it, it’s not entirely lifeless. It does harbor a species of brine shrimp that have evolved to adapt in such a saline environment, and these in turn provide roadside snacks for birds that use the lake as a migratory pitstop.

As I come down the hill toward Mono, I approach the town of Lee Vining, eastern gateway to Yosemite. I’ve always thought that this is the most spectacular way to enter the park.

Highway 120 climbs steeply up from the town, switching back and forth, from desert sagebrush, through a zone of aspens, up through pines, to above the tree line, toward Tioga Pass, in the highest of the high Sierra. From there, surrounded by monoliths and megaliths of ancient granite, you descend into the beautiful Tuolumne Meadows, on the way down to the natural cathedral of Yosemite Valley.

But even if I had the time and inclination to go into Yosemite today, I can’t. Not without a snowmobile, or a sled and reindeer (not available for rent). At over 11,000 feet, Tioga Pass gets hundreds of inches of snow in the winter, and is too much trouble to keep open. It closes in the fall, and doesn’t reopen until mid spring.

So I continue north through Lee Vining, along the west shore of Mono Lake, and climb the grade back up into the mountains.

And it’s getting late, and I have to get up in the morning for the drive back to LA. So…to be continued…

Instapundit, Wholly-Owned Subsidiary Of Steve Case?

Reader Thad McArthur weighs in on the hypocritical Instapundit controversy. He says that Glenn is worse than a hypocrite–he’s a fraud.

Like many blogger afficianados, I have been checking in with Instapundit two or three times a day since well before the 9/11 attacks. At first I watched his prolific posting rate with amusement, saying to myself, “He’ll never be able to keep this up. Burnout will set in pretty soon.”

Surprisingly, he not only maintained the pace but managed to pick it up after the war started. “He’s probably stuck in some boring, non-demanding civil service job, with nothing better to do than surf the web all day,” I countered. Then it emerges that he’s a law professor at a major university, with a busy teaching and publishing schedule. “Probably has no outside interests at all,” said I. Nope, turns out he’s a musician and record producer on the side.

Finally, I surmised that he’s trapped in a loveless marriage to some 300-pound harridan, and that he stays up all night surfing and posting just to avoid having to face her between the sheets. Then this week he posts a photo of a sultry raven-haired vixen and claims she’s his wife. This, quite frankly, was too much to believe. No one normal, healthy male could maintain his academic career and his musical interests while resisting the temptations of the comely Mrs. Reynolds long enough to keep up his apparent web reading and posting habits. It simply strains credulity.

My new theory: Instapundit is actually a wholly-owned subsidiary of AOL Time Warner with a staff of thousands.

Naaaahhhh. He’s much too high-quality a product to be from that conglomerate.

I’m still going with the cloning theory myself. That’s why he’s always defending cloning–he knows that if it were really outlawed, he’d be out of business. Or forced offshore, to some hellhole like the Caymans or Barbados or…

hmmmmmm…

Instantman

You know, ever since reading Stephanie Dupont’s (unintentionally?) hilarious posts as Brian Linse’ stand-in, I can’t get this image of Professor Reynolds out of my mind.

He’s sitting there, up in his ‘holler’ in Kentucky, rocking on the front porch of his trailer, or shack, alternately sucking on his corn-cob pipe between sips of moonshine bourbon from the jug. His dawg lies sleeping beside him, and a pile of well-thumbed copies of Soldier of Fortune ripples in the breeze, along with his tattered Stars ‘n’ Bars, as he methodically cleans and oils his extensive gun collection. All this, of course, while contemplating his next article for the Columbia Law Review…

It’s really surreal and fascinating to read Stephanie’s stuff. It’s probably the first time that someone has unwillingly become a blogger, and it’s a great window into how the nonblogging world probably sees us.

Chewing Up Peanuts

Michael Kelly tees up on Jimmy “Killer Rabbit” Carter and gets a hole in one.

Now, in our time of crisis, helpfully comes former President Jimmy Carter to pronounce that the current president ? this would be the president who actually has the job at the moment as opposed to the president who set a record for incompetence that will stand until the seas run dry when he did have the job, and has been tediously nattering away at his infinitely superior successors ever since ? has erred.

Out Of Time

Restock the bomb shelter, put your head between your legs, and kiss your keester goodbye, because the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists is about to set the DOOMSDAY clock forward.

Bulletin spokesman Steve Koppes would not say Tuesday if the clock was to be set closer to midnight, which symbolizes a greater threat of a nuclear disaster.

Anyone want to make book on which direction it will go?

Of course, I would argue that, since we’re now actually doing something about the problem, they should move the hand back at least a few minutes. Though, if truth be told, I think that it should be set back to 1947–the notion of “doomsday” being imminent was silly, even when we and the Soviets were bristling with nukes. Makes for good propaganda, though.

The board started meeting in November to consider the issue, Koppes said. But it did not reach a decision until recently “because of the uncertain nature of what is going on in the world,” he said.

Oh, I guess that somehow things have become more certain as of February 27? This is getting to be a sad joke.

One-Sided Fight

Lileks is on fire in the latest Screed against Our Friends The Europeans. He pounds the idiot reporter from The Guardian so deeply in the ground that there’s no need for further burial.

Forgive us our simple-mindedness, for we – from Alabama on outward to outer, distant Alabama and beyond – have a gut feeling that ?quarrels? usually boil down to two sides. Forgive us for believing that fascism’s side ought to lose.

And if we seem arrogant when it comes to beating fascism, forgive us once more, for we have something you don?t.

Practice.

Nevada Says Yuck to Yucca

I’ve been spending a few days up in the Reno area, and since the President’s decision to go ahead with the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository, it seems to have moved up in the local political agenda. Senator Reid is accusing Bush of “lying” and breaking his campaign promise, but of course, this is just demagoguery–Bush promised nothing except to make a decision based on “sound science.” Since most politicians wouldn’t know sound science if it came up and yelled in their ears, I’m not inclined to grant the Senator much credibility here–it’s really a judgment call. Mr. Bush may be mistaken, but he can’t be objectively accused of promise-breaking.

The Dems here are trying to leverage it as a campaign issue against Republicans, but the consensus seems to be that this won’t have much traction, because the local Republicans are opposed to the decision as well. It doesn’t seem to be a partisan issue here–it’s viewed more as Nevada against the rest of the country. It’s just the latest manifestation of the Sagebrush Rebellion, with which I am normally sympathetic.

Unfortunately, nuclear energy and nuclear waste are not issues amenable to decisions based on sound science–people tend to get too emotional about things that they don’t understand.

There aren’t any simple solutions to this policy problem. Nuclear energy is potentially the most environmentally benign source available in the near term (though the federal policy on it has been idiotic since the inception of the industry, making it much more hazardous and expensive than it need be, by mandating intrinsically bad plant designs).

But waste disposal is probably the most pressing problem, and it’s one that’s independent of plant design. And even if we were to renounce nuclear power today (with the attendant economic and environmental damage as we either destroy local economies from energy shortages, or increase production from much dirtier coal plants which produce the evil CO2, and actually put out more radiation than properly-operating nukes), we still have tens of thousands of tons of waste sitting in unsafe conditions at existing plants.

Every criticism of Yucca Mountain applies in spades to the available alternative–continuing to accumulate it at the plants in a wide range of conditions, few of them good. If Nevada wants to fight this decision, they’ll have to do more than simply naysay it and declare that, after over two decades and billions of dollars, it needs more study. They have to offer a viable alternative.

And any alternative should consider the following: one generation’s waste is another’s commodity. Before the invention of the internal combustion engine, gasoline was a waste byproduct of cracking oil for other purposes. Thus, one of the features of the Yucca Mountain solution is that the waste will be available to us in the future when we may find it useful, and any alternative should ideally have that feature as well.

But on the bright side, another feature (well, actually, it’s a bug) of the Yucca Mountain plan is that it will cost billions of dollars and take several years to implement. This effectively lowers the evaluation bar for competing concepts–they don’t have to be either cheap or fast, as long as they’re better.

Those of you who read my ravings regularly probably know where I’m going with this. Many eons ago, when I was an undergraduate, I took a course in aerospace systems design. The class project was to come up with a way to dispose of nuclear waste–in space. While it was (of course) a brilliant study, it has also been more recently analyzed by people who both knew what they were doing and got paid for it. It turns out to be (at least technically–politics are another matter) a non-ridiculous idea.

These are the basic options: dropping into ol’ Sol, which is really really expensive, and puts it totally out of the reach of our smarter descendents; lofting it out of Sol’s system completely, which is cheaper than putting it in the Sun, but still expensive, and practically if not theoretically out of reach of future recyclers; a long-term orbit, which is accessible, but long term can’t be guaranteed to be long-enough term; and finally, on some planetary surface, most likely the Moon because it’s the most convenient.

Lunar storage sounds like a winner to me. There’s no ecology to mess up there, the existing natural radiation environment will put that particular grade of nuclear waste to shame when it comes to particle dispensing, and we can retrieve it any time we want, while making it hard (at least right now) for terrorists to get their hands on it.

So, great storage location. Now, how do we get it there? Aye, there’s the rub.

The two problems, of course, are cost and safety. It turns out that both are tractable, as long as one doesn’t use Shuttle, or any existing launcher as a paradigm for the achievable. The key to both reducing cost and increasing reliability is high flight rate of reusable systems–what I call space transports.

Fortunately, like space tourism, hazardous waste disposal may be a large enough market to allow such a system to be developed. A thousand tons is a thousand flights of a vehicle with a one-ton payload. And there are many thousands of tons of nuclear waste in storage. And the tonnage will only increase if it’s further processed for safe handling and storage (such as vitrification, in which it is encased in glass).

Preliminary estimates indicate that it can in fact be done economically in the context of the current nuclear industry operating costs; the major issue is safety. This issue has been addressed as well, and it’s something that Nevada (a state that also offers high potential as a home for rocket racing and the space tourism industry) should take seriously as a possible alternative to terrestrial storage.

If anyone in Carson City is interested, I’m available for consulting…

Biting Commentary about Infinity…and Beyond!