For last 33.9 million years, we have been living in an Icehouse global climate. The only thing colder than icehouse is a Snowball Earth climate- and there no real evidence that Earth has ever had one. But during a glacial period, Earth is closer to a snowball or slushball Earth.
As far as we know, 20,000 years ago was pretty much as cold as Earth can get. It was so cold that Global CO2 levels was close to extinction levels of low global CO2 levels.
Maybe a couple of billion years ago, when the sun was dimmer? Most evidence wiped away by plate tectonics and weathering. I’m of the school that thinks the current icehouse climate was trigger by the Azolla Event and could reverse quite easily. Or maybe not so easily if a large meteor strike in the arctic ocean was required.
“There’s pretty good evidence that the Sturtian and Marinoan ice ages were true “Snowballs,” with glaciers flowing at sea level at the equator, but the Gaskiers event seems to have not been as extensive.”
Glaciers flowing at sea level at equator, doesn’t seem like good evidence to me.
Currently, about 80% of tropics is ocean area, in past it could have been a higher percentage, but more likely it would less than 80%, so more land area in tropics, and with more land, one could have a higher chance of glaciers flowing into the ocean at the equator.
Currently, glacier are flowing in the tropics, though they don’t come anywhere near an ocean.
One could say the highest mountain in the world is in the tropics.
“Furthest Point from Earth’s Center: Mount Chimborazo in Ecuador (due to the equatorial bulge).”
But in times past, one could have had the highest mountains [relative to sea level] in the tropics, and at the equator.
Anyhow if talking about more than 200 million years ago, one can’t say much about 70% of Earth surface which is ocean, or you are dependent on continental land masses [which are billions of years old].
And since tropical ocean is about 80% of surface area of tropics, one could say we know the least about the tropics, more than 200 million years ago.
Of course also it said we know more about lunar surface as compared to our ocean, and we know very little about the lunar surface, though it’s a good guess that it holds the history of our solar system.
If Earth [and it’s moon] was magically transported to Mars orbit {and Mars transported to Earth orbit}, how long would it take for Earth to have a Snowball Earth climate?
Earth would not immediately become a Snowball Earth, and it seems it might not become a Snowball Earth- or it would require at least 1 year.
Would this cause Mars and/or Earth to be a more or less habitable planet, after say a decade of time?
So, in a time period of 1 year, what would the air temperature of north and south pole of Earth be, say at an elevation of 2000 meter above sea level with both.
It seems with both poles, they would be about the same temperature.
When would the Gulf Stream, stop? In a decade of time, would it stop?
Within a year, the tropical ocean would not freeze- within a decade, it might.
Generally the atmosphere is going to change a lot faster than the ocean. And it seems the lack of tropical storms, will happen within a fairly short time period, and starting at poles, it will get colder and colder, sooner. It’s air will become dryer, and it will snow CO2.
Mars at Earth distance, will have it’s polar regions, melt. And it’s air temperature will immediately get hot- but until it gets more atmosphere, a hot air temperature, won’t have much effect upon humans in spacesuits, vehicles, or houses. Or it’s hot ground during the daytime would be “more of a problem”.
Anyways, would Earth at Mars orbital distance become a Snowball global climate if given enough time?
Well, if you are collecting solar energy and solar panels are level to the surface, then the tropics would get more solar energy.
But on Earth the tropics are not a best location to collect solar energy on Earth. One reason is one can tilt the solar panels so that you get more solar energy. And another reason is that the tropics tend to be cloudy.
Our tropical ocean has a surface temperature of about 28 C, and at Mars distance from the sun, the same ocean could have a surface temperature of about 5 to 10 C.
On Earth ocean surface temperatures do not vary much over a 24 hour period, and at Mars distance, Earth ocean surface temperature would not vary much over it’s 24 hour day.
On Earth we have, what is called a Hadley cell: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadley_cell
At Mars distance, it’s possible there is not something like a Hadley cell.
Or anytime the ocean surface is not very warm, you don’t get a Hadley cell.
Or the tropical ocean warms the entire Earth, due to water evaporation, and if ocean is not warm enough, it doesn’t evaporate as much.
For last 33.9 million years, we have been living in an Icehouse global climate. The only thing colder than icehouse is a Snowball Earth climate- and there no real evidence that Earth has ever had one. But during a glacial period, Earth is closer to a snowball or slushball Earth.
As far as we know, 20,000 years ago was pretty much as cold as Earth can get. It was so cold that Global CO2 levels was close to extinction levels of low global CO2 levels.
Maybe a couple of billion years ago, when the sun was dimmer? Most evidence wiped away by plate tectonics and weathering. I’m of the school that thinks the current icehouse climate was trigger by the Azolla Event and could reverse quite easily. Or maybe not so easily if a large meteor strike in the arctic ocean was required.
There’s a fair bit of evidence for a Snowball Earth in the very late Precambrian.
“There’s pretty good evidence that the Sturtian and Marinoan ice ages were true “Snowballs,” with glaciers flowing at sea level at the equator, but the Gaskiers event seems to have not been as extensive.”
Glaciers flowing at sea level at equator, doesn’t seem like good evidence to me.
Currently, about 80% of tropics is ocean area, in past it could have been a higher percentage, but more likely it would less than 80%, so more land area in tropics, and with more land, one could have a higher chance of glaciers flowing into the ocean at the equator.
Currently, glacier are flowing in the tropics, though they don’t come anywhere near an ocean.
One could say the highest mountain in the world is in the tropics.
“Furthest Point from Earth’s Center: Mount Chimborazo in Ecuador (due to the equatorial bulge).”
But in times past, one could have had the highest mountains [relative to sea level] in the tropics, and at the equator.
“Most of the ocean floor is geologically young, typically 200 million years old or less. While continental rocks can be billions of years old, oceanic crust is constantly recycled through plate tectonics (subduction), though researchers have identified some exceptionally old, 340-million-year-old crust in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.”
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/oldest-bit-seafloor-discovered-mediterranean-180960153/#:~:text=The%20ocean%20floor%20is%20the,Dave%20Mosher%20at%20Business%20Insider.
Anyhow if talking about more than 200 million years ago, one can’t say much about 70% of Earth surface which is ocean, or you are dependent on continental land masses [which are billions of years old].
And since tropical ocean is about 80% of surface area of tropics, one could say we know the least about the tropics, more than 200 million years ago.
Of course also it said we know more about lunar surface as compared to our ocean, and we know very little about the lunar surface, though it’s a good guess that it holds the history of our solar system.
If Earth [and it’s moon] was magically transported to Mars orbit {and Mars transported to Earth orbit}, how long would it take for Earth to have a Snowball Earth climate?
Earth would not immediately become a Snowball Earth, and it seems it might not become a Snowball Earth- or it would require at least 1 year.
Would this cause Mars and/or Earth to be a more or less habitable planet, after say a decade of time?
So, in a time period of 1 year, what would the air temperature of north and south pole of Earth be, say at an elevation of 2000 meter above sea level with both.
It seems with both poles, they would be about the same temperature.
When would the Gulf Stream, stop? In a decade of time, would it stop?
Within a year, the tropical ocean would not freeze- within a decade, it might.
Generally the atmosphere is going to change a lot faster than the ocean. And it seems the lack of tropical storms, will happen within a fairly short time period, and starting at poles, it will get colder and colder, sooner. It’s air will become dryer, and it will snow CO2.
Mars at Earth distance, will have it’s polar regions, melt. And it’s air temperature will immediately get hot- but until it gets more atmosphere, a hot air temperature, won’t have much effect upon humans in spacesuits, vehicles, or houses. Or it’s hot ground during the daytime would be “more of a problem”.
Anyways, would Earth at Mars orbital distance become a Snowball global climate if given enough time?
Well, if you are collecting solar energy and solar panels are level to the surface, then the tropics would get more solar energy.
But on Earth the tropics are not a best location to collect solar energy on Earth. One reason is one can tilt the solar panels so that you get more solar energy. And another reason is that the tropics tend to be cloudy.
Our tropical ocean has a surface temperature of about 28 C, and at Mars distance from the sun, the same ocean could have a surface temperature of about 5 to 10 C.
On Earth ocean surface temperatures do not vary much over a 24 hour period, and at Mars distance, Earth ocean surface temperature would not vary much over it’s 24 hour day.
On Earth we have, what is called a Hadley cell:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadley_cell
At Mars distance, it’s possible there is not something like a Hadley cell.
Or anytime the ocean surface is not very warm, you don’t get a Hadley cell.
Or the tropical ocean warms the entire Earth, due to water evaporation, and if ocean is not warm enough, it doesn’t evaporate as much.